Procedures into the investigation of accidents and losses at sea during the Great War 1914-19

 

There were procedural differences in regards to investigations during the Great War. Local Shipping Masters or Customs Officers would have survivors fill in initial enquiry forms, which were then transmitted to the Board of Trade in London. After perusal by senior B.o.T. officials, they were then passed onto the Admiralty’s Trade Division. A naval officer subsequently made the decisions on formal enquiries: normally a captain R.N. These original enquiry forms are held within the vast number of records which were removed by the Naval Historical Branch to write the official histories. To say the least, this is not an easy body of work to deal with. Although indexed, further collections of documents have been subsequently added and the indexes of ships’ names are far from complete.

Additionally and as already mentioned in the section on peacetime accidents at sea, there are a number of ‘Confidential Circulars’ which deal with wartime losses. These are within the Lloyd’s (of London) collection, at the Guildhall Library in the City of London.

 

There are also secondary ways of researching losses during the Great War, from such sources as official histories of both sides, official statistics and publications. Care should be exhibited in using these however. There are a fair number of errors. In one sample case in the relevant volume of Der Krieg zur See - Der Handelskrieg mit U-Booten the British steamer HILDAWELL’s loss (around 20th December 1916) was attributed to mines laid by UC32 off Sunderland on 14th December 1916. This has been uncritically accepted and republished as fact elsewhere. However, she could not possibly have been sunk off Sunderland that day. She had a maximum speed of 8 1/2 knots and an internal Lloyd’s document showed she was off Yarmouth on December 19th. Whilst HILDAWELL disappeared on December 19-20th and was probably a victim of mines, (British or German) it cannot be ascertained precisely where or when she was destroyed.

 

Four examples of Great War ‘Confidential Circulars’

 

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